Use the menu to choose a different section to read in this guide. Prostate Cancer: Introduction Approved by the Cancer. About the prostate The prostate is a walnut-sized gland located behind the base of the penis, in front of the rectum, and below the bladder.
About prostate cancer Cancer begins when healthy cells in the prostate change and grow out of control, forming a tumor.
About prostate-specific antigen PSA Prostate-specific antigen PSA is a protein produced by cells in the prostate gland and released into the bloodstream.
Looking for More of an Introduction? Types of Cancer. Prostate Cancer Guide. Net Guide Prostate Cancer. Medical Illustrations. Risk Factors and Prevention.
Symptoms and Signs. Stages and Grades. Types of Treatment. About Clinical Trials. Latest Research. Coping with Treatment. Follow-Up Care. Questions to Ask the Health Care Team. Additional Resources. Trans women who use hormone therapy such as estrogen may have a lower risk , but the risk is still present. Knowing the stage of prostate cancer can help a person understand what to expect, and it will inform decisions about treatment.
We list the stages below:. Stage 0: Precancerous cells are present, but they only affect a small area and are slow growing. Localized stage 1 : Cancer is only present in the prostate gland. Effective treatment is possible at this stage. Distant stage 4 : Cancer has spread to other parts of the body, such as the lungs or bones. If a male has symptoms that may indicate prostate cancer, the doctor will likely :. During a DRE, the doctor will check manually for any abnormalities of the prostate with their finger.
Learn more about prostate exams here. A transrectal ultrasound : This involves inserting a probe with a camera into the rectum. A biopsy : A doctor will take a tissue sample for examination under a microscope. What does a biopsy involve? Based on past statistics, the ACS expect the following percentages of people, on average, to survive for at least another 5 years after diagnosis:.
Many people live longer than this, however. The best way to detect prostate cancer in the early stages is to attend regular screening. Anyone who has not yet attended screening should ask their doctor about the options. New research identifies three metabolites that are strongly associated with the development of aggressive prostate cancer.
In cryotherapy, a doctor freezes prostate tissue at very low temperatures, causing cancer cells to die. It is a promising treatment option for…. Several natural remedies may help shrink an enlarged prostate and promote overall prostate health. Learn more about these remedies and their effects…. What is genetic testing for prostate cancer, and who is it suitable for?
Learn more, including the genes it includes and what genetic testing may…. What to know about prostate cancer. Medically reviewed by Seunggu Han, M. Symptoms Treatment Causes Risk factors Stages Diagnosis Outlook Prostate cancer is a common type of cancer in males, but it is highly treatable in the early stages.
Share on Pinterest Treatment for prostate is very effective in the early stages. Share on Pinterest A prostatectomy is one possible treatment for early stage prostate cancer. Risk factors. Share on Pinterest A number of tests can help a doctor diagnose prostate cancer. Exposure to air pollutants may amplify risk for depression in healthy individuals.
Costs associated with obesity may account for 3. Choose a healthy diet full of fruits and vegetables. Eat a variety of fruits, vegetables and whole grains. Fruits and vegetables contain many vitamins and nutrients that can contribute to your health. Whether you can prevent prostate cancer through diet has yet to be conclusively proved.
But eating a healthy diet with a variety of fruits and vegetables can improve your overall health. Talk to your doctor about increased risk of prostate cancer. If you have a very high risk of prostate cancer, you and your doctor may consider medications or other treatments to reduce the risk.
Some studies suggest that taking 5-alpha reductase inhibitors, including finasteride Propecia, Proscar and dutasteride Avodart , may reduce the overall risk of developing prostate cancer. These drugs are used to control prostate gland enlargement and hair loss. However, some evidence indicates that people taking these medications may have an increased risk of getting a more serious form of prostate cancer high-grade prostate cancer.
If you're concerned about your risk of developing prostate cancer, talk with your doctor. Prostate cancer care at Mayo Clinic. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version.
This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview Prostate cancer Open pop-up dialog box Close. Prostate cancer Prostate cancer occurs in the prostate gland, which is located just below the bladder in males and surrounds the top portion of the tube that drains urine from the bladder urethra.
Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. Prostate gland Open pop-up dialog box Close. Prostate gland The prostate gland is located just below the bladder in men and surrounds the top portion of the tube that drains urine from the bladder urethra.
Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references AskMayoExpert. Prostate cancer adult. Mayo Clinic; Niederhuber JE, et al. Prostate cancer. In: Abeloff's Clinical Oncology.
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