What are the benefits of bypass surgery? Bypass surgery can: Relieve angina symptoms and improve quality of life. You may be able to do more of your daily activities. Whether it could help you live longer depends on several things. These include your overall health and which arteries need to be bypassed.
For example, the surgery may raise your chances of living longer if you have diabetes and narrowing in your heart's larger arteries. What are the risks of bypass surgery? The risks during or soon after bypass surgery include: Infection.
Kidney problems. Atrial fibrillation. Heart attack. Short-term problems with thinking and memory. This is more common in older people. It tends to get better within several months of surgery.
What do numbers tell us about benefits and risks of bypass surgery? Benefits Angina relief: In studies, about 84 out of people who had bypass surgery had angina relief after 1 year.
About 73 out of are alive; about 27 out of aren't. Medical therapy alone About 84 out of are alive; about 16 out of aren't. About 69 out of are alive; about 31 aren't. Risks Take people who have bypass surgery. Complication rates in hospitals show people face these risks from bypass surgery: Stroke: About 1 to 4 out of people have a stroke during or soon after surgery. That means that about 96 to 99 people out of don't have a stroke.
These include older age, diabetes, and high blood pressure. Talk to your doctor about your own risk. Deep infection of the incision: About 1 out of people have a deep infection in the chest incision. This means that about 99 out of don't have this problem. So about 94 to 98 people out of don't have kidney problems. About 95 to 99 people out of survive the surgery. Compare your options. Compare Option 1 Have coronary artery bypass surgery Don't have bypass surgery.
Compare Option 2 Have coronary artery bypass surgery Don't have bypass surgery. Have coronary artery bypass surgery Have coronary artery bypass surgery The surgery can take 3 to 6 hours.
You will stay in the hospital 3 to 8 days after the surgery. You may have some pain from the chest incision for a while. Recovery at home from surgery can take 4 to 6 weeks. Most people are able to go back to work in 1 to 2 months.
You will take medicines and may need to make lifestyle changes medical therapy. Bypass surgery can relieve angina symptoms partly or completely. Surgery can help some people live longer. Whether it will help you depends on a few things, including which arteries need to be bypassed and whether you have diabetes. Bypass surgery has short-term risks that include heart attack, stroke, kidney problems, and death. Your risk depends, in part, on your medical problems.
Other risks from surgery include angina symptoms coming back, problems from anesthesia, and an infection in the chest incision. Don't have bypass surgery Don't have bypass surgery You have angioplasty and take medicines and make lifestyle changes. Or you take medicines and make lifestyle changes. You may have angioplasty or bypass surgery later.
You avoid the risks of bypass surgery. Angioplasty with medical therapy, or medical therapy alone, can relieve angina. You may still have angina. A small number of people may not live as long as they might with bypass surgery. This may depend on how bad their heart disease is. Personal stories about coronary artery bypass surgery These stories are based on information gathered from health professionals and consumers. What matters most to you? Reasons to have bypass surgery Reasons not to have bypass surgery.
I am willing to accept the risks of surgery. I'm worried about the risks of surgery. I want more relief from my angina. I'm willing to have a surgery that has a long recovery. I don't want to have a surgery that has a long recovery. My other important reasons: My other important reasons:.
Where are you leaning now? Having coronary artery bypass surgery NOT having coronary artery bypass surgery. What else do you need to make your decision?
Check the facts. Yes Sorry, that's not right. Both angioplasty along with medical therapy and medical therapy alone can also relieve angina symptoms. Which treatment you choose depends on your overall health, how many arteries are narrowed, and where they are.
It also depends on how you feel about the risks of and recovery from surgery. No That's right. I'm not sure It may help to go back and read "Get the Facts. Bypass surgery can't cure heart disease.
You will still need to take medicine and make lifestyle changes to get the most benefit from surgery. No You're right. You will still need to take medicine and make lifestyle changes. Yes That's right. Whether it can help you live longer depends in part on your overall health and which arteries need to be bypassed.
No Sorry, that's not right. Decide what's next. Yes No. I'm ready to take action. I want to discuss the options with others. I want to learn more about my options. Use the following space to list questions, concerns, and next steps. Your Summary. Your decision Next steps. Which way you're leaning. How sure you are. Your comments. Your knowledge of the facts Key concepts that you understood.
Key concepts that may need review. Getting ready to act Patient choices. What matters to you. Print Summary. Credits and References Credits. Bravata DM, et al. Systematic review: The comparative effectiveness of percutaneous coronary interventions and coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Either way, this information will help you understand what your choices are so that you can talk to your doctor about them.
This decision is for people who have stable angina and whose doctor has said bypass surgery may be an option for them. Stable angina means that you can usually predict when your symptoms will happen.
You probably know what things cause your angina. For example, you know how much activity usually causes your angina. Bypass surgery—also called coronary artery bypass graft surgery—helps improve blood flow to the heart in people with severe coronary artery disease. In most cases, bypass surgery is open-chest surgery. The surgeon connects, or grafts, a healthy blood vessel from another part of your body to the narrowed coronary artery. The grafted blood vessel goes around bypasses the narrowed part of the artery.
This makes a new path for blood to your heart muscle. Most people have bypasses in two or more arteries. How many you need depends on how many arteries, and which ones, are narrowed. Bypass surgery is not a cure for heart disease. The surgery doesn't change the way arteries harden or narrow because of heart disease. And it doesn't bypass all the narrowing that you may have in your arteries. Even after surgery, you can still get new places in your arteries that are narrowed. This can happen in the new blood vessels used in the bypass, as well as in the other arteries.
If this happens, you may need another surgery or angioplasty with stents. That's why after surgery you still need medicines and lifestyle changes to give you the best chance of living a longer, healthier life. You will stay in the hospital at least 3 to 8 days after the surgery. You will probably be able to do many of your usual activities after 4 to 6 weeks.
Most people are able to go back to work 1 to 2 months after surgery. You can do things after surgery to help yourself stay healthy and prevent problems. Medicines and a healthy lifestyle—known as medical therapy—can help your bypass grafts last and stay open longer. Medical therapy also can lower your risk of a heart attack or stroke. You will likely take medicines to prevent blood clots, lower cholesterol, and manage blood pressure. You may need to make lifestyle changes.
These include eating right, being active, and not smoking. It also means losing weight or staying at a healthy weight. A cardiac rehab program can help you make these changes. Surgery isn't right for everyone. Some people can be helped by angioplasty along with medicines and lifestyle changes medical therapy. Others use medical therapy alone. One of these treatments may be an option for you. It depends on your age, your other health problems, and how severe your heart disease is.
It also depends on what you want. You and your doctor can decide together whether bypass surgery or another treatment is right for you. You may have several tests to see if a bypass could help you. You may have had an angiogram that showed your doctor the location and amount of narrowing in your arteries.
Your doctor also may have checked how well your heart is pumping blood. Whether a bypass is an option for you depends on several things. These include which coronary arteries are narrowed, your age, and other health problems that you may have. It also depends on how much your angina keeps you from doing your daily activities and enjoying your life.
As you decide about surgery, think about what is most important to you. Talk to your doctor about what you hope surgery could do to improve your symptoms or lengthen your life. The benefits of surgery may or may not outweigh the risks for you. Bypass surgery has been done for more than 40 years. In Canada and the United States, it is one of the most common major surgeries. But it has some risks. The chances of having a serious problem with bypass surgery increase with age. Your risk is also higher if you have other problems such as diabetes, kidney disease, lung disease, or peripheral arterial disease.
Your doctor can help you understand what your risk for problems is. Angina relief: In studies, about 84 out of people who had bypass surgery had angina relief after 1 year. This relief lasted at least 5 years. Living longer: Bypass can help some people live longer. How well bypass might help you live longer depends on several things, including which coronary arteries need to be bypassed and how bad your heart disease is.
It also can depend on other conditions that you have, such as diabetes. Some evidence is better than other evidence. Evidence comes from studies that look at how well treatments and tests work and how safe they are. For many reasons, some studies are more reliable than others. The better the evidence is—the higher its quality—the more we can trust it. The information shown here is based on the best available evidence.
The evidence is rated using four quality levels: high, moderate, borderline, and inconclusive. Another thing to understand is that the evidence can't predict what's going to happen in your case.
When evidence tells us that 2 out of people who have a certain test or treatment may have a certain result and that 98 out of may not, there's no way to know if you will be one of the 2 or one of the Take people who have bypass surgery. Complication rates in hospitals show people face these risks from bypass surgery:. These stories are based on information gathered from health professionals and consumers.
They may be helpful as you make important health decisions. I never thought twice about whether bypass surgery was right for me. After my heart attack, I wanted to do everything I could to get healthier.
I started exercising and eating better and taking medicines. But it didn't help my chest pain, and I couldn't do all the things I wanted to do. I knew it was time to have the surgery. My doctor tells me that some of my heart arteries are too narrow.
And that's causing my chest pain. She thinks surgery is an option for me, so we talked about it. I want to feel better and avoid a heart attack, but I can also do this without having surgery.
I worry about having a stroke because of the surgery. So I've decided to keep taking medicines, exercising, and eating a heart-healthy diet and see if they improve my chest pain. When my doctor and I talked about bypass surgery, I asked a lot of questions. I'm afraid of the risks and the long recovery.
But my doctor explained why surgery is a good choice for me. It's because of which arteries need to be operated on. So I think I'm willing to accept the risks of the surgery. I want to be around for my husband and kids. A couple of people in my family have heart disease. I never thought I'd have it too. But then I started having some pressure in my chest. I had some tests, and my doctor says I have severe heart disease.
He said I could consider surgery or stents. But he said I also could try changing some habits. So that's what I want to do. I love to cook and eat, so I am going to try some healthy recipes. And I'm going to take my medicines and walk every day. Your personal feelings are just as important as the medical facts. You'll continue with monitored programs in an outpatient setting until you can safely follow a home-based maintenance program.
Barring complications, you'll likely be discharged from the hospital within a week. You still might have difficulty doing everyday tasks or walking a short distance.
If, after returning home, you have any of the following signs or symptoms, call your doctor:. Expect a recovery period of about six to 12 weeks. If you have your doctor's OK, you can return to work, begin exercising and resume sexual activity after four to six weeks. After surgery, most people feel better and might remain symptom-free for as long as 10 to 15 years. Over time, however, it's possible that other arteries or even the new graft used in the bypass will become clogged, requiring another bypass or angioplasty.
Your results and long-term outcome will depend in part on taking your medications to prevent blood clots, lower blood pressure, lower cholesterol and help control diabetes. It's also important to follow healthy-lifestyle recommendations, including these:. Explore Mayo Clinic studies of tests and procedures to help prevent, detect, treat or manage conditions. Coronary bypass surgery care at Mayo Clinic.
Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview Coronary bypass surgery Open pop-up dialog box Close. Coronary bypass surgery Coronary bypass surgery is a procedure that restores blood flow to your heart muscle by diverting the flow of blood around a section of a blocked artery in your heart.
Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references Coronary artery bypass grafting. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Accessed Oct. What is coronary bypass surgery? American Heart Association.
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